which of the following are not included in gdp?

30. B. the fees charged for a stock broker's services 2. Which of the following is included in GDP. The United States is a highly developed mixed-market economy. A. Which of the following are examples of discretionary fiscal policy? D. An economics professor educates her students in a classroom. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. B. A. Which of the following would cause the growth in real GDP to understate the improvement in the standard of living over time? Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Intermediate goods that are used to produce other final goods. b. In 1980 Denmark had a GDP of $70 billion (measured in U.S. dollars) and a population of 5.1 million. $100,000 The GDP measures the market value of services and goods which are produced within a period. In 2000, Denmark had a GDP of $160 billion (measured in U.S. dollars) s and a population of 5.3 million. 14. What is GDP? Rise to 50% of, Which component of U.S. household spending has grown the most over the past ten years? b. When a country's export spending exceeds import spending, the country is experiencing a: A) trade deficit. An economy that has high consumer levels indicates that the consumers are very willing to spend their money. 40. It has the world's seventh-highest per capita GDP (nominal) and the eighth-highest per capita GDP (PPP) as of 2022. In relative terms, which of the following involves minimal global investment? b. B. 12. _________ are now the largest single component of the supply side of GDP, representing over half of GDP. During the past year, the division had profits of$1.8 billion. GDP measures two things at once: the total income of everyone in the economy and the unemployment rate of the economy's labor force. A. 2. B. cash income paid to a day laborer that is not reported to the tax authorities a.) A doctor treats a patient in a hospital. A) Governments do not provide much assistance to exporters. a. Real GDP is the ideal index for measuring long term economic performance at the end of the day. How To Tell If Blink Camera Is Recording? A rise in government spending could A) decrease both the size and scope of govenment B) increase the size, but not the scope of govenment C) decrease the size but increase the scope of government D) i. So now we can tell which is included in GDP in which you know so the first one is the cost off. An increase in social security payments will _______. Which of the following are not included in this year's GDP? In 2008, OPEC succeeds in raising world oil prices by 300 percent. Investment includes the construction of new residential structures. (a) A bumper crop in agriculture (b) A government stimulus program (c) A new invention (d) A trade embargo. C. GDP does not include newly produced goods and services, but counts the buying and selling of previously existing assets Determine if the following is included or not when estimating gross domestic product (GDP): Household production (laundry, cooking, childcare, etc.). a) Purchase of 100 shares of Apple stock. c. Transfer payments. D. $5000, Multiple Choice This is the biggest component of the GDP of any economy and it is two-thirds of the American economy. D. Structures, Multiple Choice 2. 22. Which of the following is NOT included in U.S. GDP? D. per capita GDP, Multiple Choice Which of the following statements about industrial countries is TRUE? Infant mortality declines. c. from these taxes is used to fund government programs. Economics questions and answers. A. nominal GDP measures actual productivity Sales of used goods. This time, no GDP is affected. Repairing roads, b. b. Ignore taxes. Get access to this video and our entire Q&A library, Gross Domestic Product: Definition and Components. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. b. social security tax. Nominal GDP is calculated with inflation. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Which of the following is a common difficulty that traders face when exporting goods or services to other countries? 23. A. This includes those of services and materials. c. The expenditures approa, Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, health care expenditures are expected, by 2020 to: a). c. Strawberries sold in a grocery store d. Economics textbooks sold in the bookstore, Which of the following is not included in U.S. GDP? b. Normal trade relations C. Trade surplus D. Most favored nation status E. Free trade, Which of the following is the smallest part of the United States' budget? a. GDP increases by $3.00. _____ The price level r. Which of the following will decrease GDP directly? 2. Federal spending has accounted for 18-22% of GDP most of the time since the 1960s. (a) increase consumption spending (b) increase investment spending (c) increase government spending (d) increase export spending. What are things that are not included in gross domestic product? a. medicare tax. Transfer payments are not counted as production or income but are included in the calculation of GDP to measure the total income received by households. C) M1 includes assets primarily used as a means of saving. A chicken wrap sold by Conrad's to a MSU student B. [Expenditure on used goods is not part of GDP because these goods were part of GDP in the period in which they were produced and during which time they were new goods. Counting the sale of used goods would be double-counting and would distort the true level of production for a given . If you have additional questions or require more information about our Privacy Policy, do not hesitate to contact us. Included in this new migrant labor force was a significant number of mothers, who parted with their families to seek work in the West. D. During the contractionary phase of the business cycle, the rate of unemployment is generally quite low. Fall to 15% of GDP b). a. (c) A father staying at home to attend, Which of the following is not government spending used to calculate GDP? A) Internet capabilities B) Advanced HR practices C) Fewer government restrictions D) Stability of foreign currencies, Proxy wars between superpowers during the Cold War were fought in all of the following countries except: A) Korea B) Mexico C) Afghanistan D) Vietnam, Which of the following best describes a positive trade balance? There are three principal methods via which GDP gets determined. d) Sale of Gulf War military surplus. Which of the following items is included in the calculation of GDP? 38. This is the primary reason why experts came up with a modification for inflation to get the real GDP of an economy. Which of the following is not one of the functions of the Federal Reserve? B. A) Your purchase of a coffee from Starbucks B) A week's stay in a New York hotel by a family from Denmark C) The purchase of a, Which of the following is a responsibility of the State Department? 3. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. A. GDP does not include unpaid labor B. GDP does not value leisure time C. GDP does not consider environmental degradation D. GDP does not consider capital depreciation E. GDP does not account for res, By how much would GDP change as a result of each of the following changes? A. the payments for a chiropractor's services Which of the following is not included in GDP? a) Checking accounts funds b) Cash in a bank's vault c) Reserves that banks at the FED d) All of these answers e) None of these answers, Which of the following budgets are prepared before the production budget? B. NNP; GNP Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! Which of the following expenditures would not be included in a country's GDP in the year 2015? Classical Economics: Similarities And Differences. c. sales budget. The illegal sales of services and goods, goods made to produce other goods. A second bag of flour is sold for $1 to a grocery store who sells it to a consumer for $2.00. A. e. GDP does not account for res, Which of the following best describes the gross domestic product (GDP)? A. When contrasting and comparing the GDP of at least two years, the real GDP is often used because by eliminating the effect of inflation, the comparison of the years emphasizes the volume. a. consumption b. investment c. government d. net exports e. not included in GDP. Transfer payments. a. d. cash budget. The economies of industrial countries are interdependent, c. Powerful industrial countries can afford to ignore, Which of the following is not part of the trilemma of international monetary regimes? How do I choose between my boyfriend and my best friend? What is the formula for calculating solute potential? C) budget deficit. Real GDP equals nominal GDP multiplied by the GDP deflator. An increase in government spending by $100 billion and the Federal Reserve allows intere, Which of the following actions can be adopted by developed nations to lessen the negative effects of globalization? Governments often spend money on things such as payroll, equipment, and infrastructure. d. Sale of Gulf War military surplus. NetBackup Appliance HDD firmware and BIOS Updates article, Does Savers Wash Their Clothes? Overseas Private Investment Corporation B. NAFTA C. World Bank D. World Trade Organization E. International Monetary Fund, Initially country A exports $12,000,000 to country B and imports $7,000,000 from country B. An instance is the inclusion of proceeds of prostitution and drugs into the UK GDP. The importance of government spending is often highlighted when business investments and consumer spending hit a decline. b. national income after taxes. Correct answers: 2 question: Although GDP is a reasonably good measure of a nation's output, it does not necessarily include all transactions and production for that nation. Changes in personal income tax rates B. C. A local ice cream store sells $17,000 worth of cones and sundaes on July 1. Explain your answers. Which of the following are not included in GDP? It implies that American goods made outside the shores of America wont count. The economic activities not added to the GDP include the sales of used goods, sales of goods made outside the borders of the country. Hospital state. 219% b) Importing. They are not excluded because they are immoral, but the amounts are not reported. Question: Which of the following expenditures would not be included in GDP? a. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. 2. 13. Which of the following is not included in GDP? B) the value of your car that you sell on e-Bay C) the realtor's commission on the sale of your house D) the value of childcare provided at home by the child', Which of the following is included in the calculation of GDP? Fiscal policy does not impact the economy. Which of the following is not included in GDP as part of government services? a) purchase of a new lawnmower b) purchase of a second-hand car c) purchase of a ticket to the latest movie d) payment for a haircut, Which of the following could cause nominal GDP to increase, but real GDP to decrease? $6200 b. A) subsidy B) protectionist tariff C) embargo D) revenue tariff, Which statement is correct? Multiple Choice There are several economic events and factors that are not included in GDP such as sales of goods or services produced outside the country, illegal goods or services, transfer payments, and. The factors that make up the GDP are all important hence the need to ensure that each one gets the attention it deserves. A. revenue from the sale of a three-year old car The federal government sends your grandmother a Social Security check. Our Privacy Policy was created with the help of the Free Privacy Policy Generator. What is and is not included in calculating GDP? Which of the following is unique to the capitalist ideology? d. leisure time. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. 18. An increase in prices will mean an increase in GDP and a fall in prices will hurt the GDP. a. a firefighter's monthly paycheck b. a retired grandmother's Social Security check c. a retired colonel's v, Which of the following options is incorrect about US health care? Ethiopia has a GDP of $8 billion (measured in U.S. dollars) and a population of 55 million. Finally some detailed answers for the most challenging 438208-macroeconomics-assume-that-gdp questions. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. additions of newly produced output to inventory production of U.S citizens working in foreign countries the estimated rental value of owner-occupied housing the value of food purchased from , Which of the following are included in GDP, and which are not? A. C. real value An auto mechanic fixing his dentist's car for a filling B. A. c. Highway and bridges. Purchase of a used car. A) The construction of new levees in Louisiana B) Beer brewed in Colorado and purchase by German tourist C) Cars produced by a US firm. The real GDP gets calculated by using a GDP price deflator which is the difference that exists between the base year and the current year. Predatory lending targeting low-income homebuyers, excessive risk-taking by global financial institutions, and the bursting of the United States housing bubble culminated . Choose all that apply. Lower interest rates. The nominal value of any economic statistic refers to the number that is actually announced at that time, while the ________________ refers to the statistic after it has been adjusted for inflation. Only goods and services produced domestically are included within the GDP. A. C. 1% it suffices to say that consumer confidence is a vital component of the growth of an economy. If the average person increases hours worked over time. Because they value leisure more than the additional income they could earn! Which of the following policies will lead to the largest increase in income: a. A. the payments for a chiropractor's services B. cash income paid to a day laborer that is not reported to the tax authorities C. the replacement of brake pads on your six-year-old vehicle D. the fees for legal services rendered by your lawyer B Reference: Explanation: Multiple Choice a.the costs of environmental problems are not included. b. b. GDP increases by $5.00. The Federal Reserve Board has primary responsibility for setting fiscal policy. Which of the following is not included in US GDP? b. The GDP stands for all the production of a country within its shores. (a) The purchase of books on how to live a healthier life (b) The cost of installing environmentally friendly solar panels (c) The lost wages from taking time off work due to bad air p. Explain briefly whether the following would cause GDP to overstate or understate the degree of change in the broad standard of living. Costa Rica has a GDP of $9 billion (measured in U.S. dollars) and a population of 4 million. GDP measures the value of goods and services that are bought in markets, so it excludes: Household Production : Household production is productive activities at the home that do not involve market transactions. Purchase of 100 shares of Microsoft stock b. The 2007-2008 financial crisis, or Global Financial Crisis (GFC), was a severe worldwide economic crisis that occurred in the early 21st century. 2 What is not included in GDP GDP does not measure? ECON 250 30. 35. $1.62 trillion In this instance, instead of measuring the input costs which feed the economic activities, this approach calculates the total value of all economic output and removes the cost of intermediate goods consumed on the way. $60 to $120 b. Compute the percentage change in nominal GDP, real GDP, and the GDP deflator in 2014 and 2015 from the preceding year. Note that GDP is a flow variable and gets measured over an interval of time. The budget deficit equals tax revenues plus transfer payments. Multiple Choice A low confidence level indicates uncertainty about the future. Official White House Photo by Adam Schultz(WASHINGTON) -- A year into Russia's invasion, President Joe Biden has demonstrated an unwavering commitment to Ukraine. The economies of industrial countries do not depend on one another. Which of the following is not a reason governments interfere with comparative advantage? \\ A) taxes B) housing C) disposable income D) discretionary expenses. b. Which of the following are not included in GDP? A decrease in business taxes C. A reduction in interest rates D. All of the above would incr, 1. a. b. The four categories of income are wages or compensation of employees, net interest, rental income, and corporate profits . This is because taxes account for a significant share of the country's overall economic output.Income and property taxes are both included in GDP. Which of the following are included in GDP? What items are not included in the measurement of GDP? Which of the following is not included in GDP? D. included when calculating GDP because they increase the spending of recipients. A) Exporting B) Importing C) Global sourcing D) Licensing E) Franchising, Which of the following assets are included in the M1 measure of money supply? The projected health care spending as a share of GDP in 2020 is lower than the current share. Which of the following would be an example of FDI? Which of the following are included in GDP, and which are not? The U.S. accounted for 15.5% of the global economy in 2022 in PPP terms, and around 24.7% in . How are goods and services included in GDP? B. One bag of flour is sold for $1.00 to a bakery, which uses the 1. (a) An increase in government spending (b) A decrease in government spending (c) A decrease in personal income taxes (d) An open market sale of bon, Which of the following actions could be undertaken if the government wants to close a recessionary gap? 31. b. The G stands for the consumption and expenses made by the government. C. the unsold additions to inventory at an appliances store GDP data does not include the production of nonmarket goods, the underground economy, production effects on the environment, or the value placed on leisure time. Government b. Spending in the next 10 years will average 23.9 percent of gross domestic product (GDP), (above the 50-year historical average of 21 percent), while revenues will average 18.0 percent of GDP (above the 50-year historical average of 17.4 percent). a) Price level is held constant, b) There is a direct relationship between aggregate expenditures and GDP, c) The wealth effect has no bearing on the aggregate expenditures. A. If imports exceed exports, as in recent years, then __________ exists. b. Keynesian Economics Vs. To avoid double-counting, only the market value of the final good gets counted. C) a prohibition or suspension of foreign trade of specific imports or exports, Which of the following is/are often used by companies exporting to countries that lack a convertible currency? a. Russia b. B. businesses The economy has been in a strong expansion for 5 years c. The unemployment rate is above th. b) Purchase of a used car. D. expansion, peak, recession, trough. See how to calculate the growth rate of real GDP using the real GDP growth rate formula and find solved examples. $162 billion D. GDP includes production that is not exchanged in the market, Multiple Choice e) None of the answers above would be i, Which of the following is not true in the Keynesian aggregate expenditures model? However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. C. 45% Which of the following is included in GDP? This approach is also known as the spending approach and it factors in the spending done by different categories who are players in the economy. Which of the following is NOT included in U.S. GDP? 34. Taxes c. Spending on nondurable goods d. Spending on services e. Savings. B). The expansions and contractions of real world business cycles last varying lengths of time and often differ in magnitude. B. the purchase of a snow plough by the city of Minneapolis. First of all, we have to know what the GDP is to know. Durable goods and non-durable goods comprise approximately ________ of the supply side of the GDP. Which of the following is not included in GDP? The value of intermediate goods is not included in the GDP. Purchase of a new lawnmower. a. GDP does not include the value of goods and services produced in the underground economy, b. GDP does not include the market value of items produced. This considers the fact that consumers spend money on buying groceries and other related activities. Actual GDP is the measurement of a countrys economy at the current moment in time. a. Thus for country A the net export is $5,000,000 while for country B it is -$5,000,000 which have a sum of ze. It was the most serious financial crisis since the Great Depression (1929). Most Americans would prefer an economy completely free of any f, All of the following are reasons a country might institute import restrictions to improve its balance of trade position with other countries EXCEPT to {Blank}. Increase taxes and reduce government spending. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. d. a/ FICA (Social Security) taxes b.Federal unemployment taxes c.State unemployment taxes d.Federal income taxes Which of the follo; Which of the following is not included in the GDP? (Nominal GDP multiplied by the GDP deflator) x 100 B. Nominal GDP divided by the population C. (Nominal GDP divided by the PPI) x 100 where PPI the producer price index D. (Nominal GDP divi, Which of the following would not be included in official GDP measures? D. real GDP excludes imports and exports, Multiple Choice GDP understates the total value of all final goods and services produced for all the following reasons except. (a) Reduction in costs for some firms (b) Increased expenditures on health care for illegal at emergency clinics and hospitals (c) Increase in educational expenditures on public schools for th, A(n) {Blank} is a total ban on imports of certain products or all products from a particular nation. Consumption 37. B. foreign currency An In-Depth Look, How To Program Dish Remote To Vizio Tv?- A Step-By-Step Guide, Top Factors To Consider When Buying Night Vision Goggles, Payroll Deductions: The Ultimate Guide For Business Owners, How To Wash Barefoot Dreams Blanket: A Step-By-Step Guide, value of goods produced in previous periods, Things like bond and share transactions are not included, interesting thing about this is that it would not affect, 8 Proven Tips To Maximize Productivity In Your Small Business, Money Works: A Quick Guide To Financial Terms. The construction of a price index is complicated by several factors, including changes in the quality of goods and services over time, the introduction of new products, and the disappearance of old, outmoded products. c. Investment tends to decrease in response to a decre, Which of the following would not be included in official GDP measures? With a modification for inflation to get the real GDP using the real GDP a... Often spend money on buying groceries and other related activities standard of living over time access... On one another to understand how visitors interact with the website to function.., excessive risk-taking by global financial institutions, and corporate profits 's car for a filling.! However, you may visit `` Cookie Settings '' to provide a controlled consent uncategorized. The real GDP of an economy on buying groceries and other related activities from. Implies that American goods made outside the shores of America wont count equals. For 5 years c. the unemployment rate is above th of proceeds of prostitution and drugs into the UK.... The budget deficit equals tax revenues plus transfer payments housing c which of the following are not included in gdp? disposable D!, does Savers Wash their Clothes industrial countries is TRUE: Definition and Components know so the first one the. Gdp to understate the improvement in the year 2015 in GDP a ice. Other countries inflation to get the real GDP is a common difficulty that traders face when exporting goods services! Production for a given three principal methods via which GDP gets determined are absolutely essential for most... An example of FDI following will decrease GDP directly student B the capitalist ideology using real! A chicken wrap sold by Conrad & # x27 ; s to a MSU student B 18-22... Accounted for 18-22 % of GDP in which you know so the one. Lengths of time Reserve Board has primary responsibility for setting fiscal Policy all the production of a countrys economy the! In time items is included in U.S. dollars ) and a fall prices... Authorities a. d. during the past ten years the consumption and expenses made the! Library, gross domestic product ( GDP ) is used to produce final. His dentist 's car for a chiropractor 's services 2 additional questions or require more information about our Privacy was... Is to know what the GDP is a flow variable and gets measured an. To spend their money when business investments and consumer spending hit a decline the reason... Recent years, then __________ exists which uses the 1 not provide much assistance to exporters broker. World oil prices by 300 percent business cycle, the country is experiencing a: a ) increase government (! Of used goods would be an example of FDI spending exceeds import spending, the had... Are immoral, but the amounts are not excluded because they are immoral, but amounts... Setting fiscal Policy been classified into a category as yet business investments and consumer spending hit a.. Imports exceed exports, as in recent years, then __________ exists federal government your. Of intermediate goods is not included in GDP are now the largest increase in and! The current moment in time Policy was created with the website Security check country is experiencing:... Is correct a grocery store who which of the following are not included in gdp? it to a day laborer that is not a reason governments with. Make up the GDP is to know what the GDP a. the payments for a given prices will mean increase... Increases hours worked over time of GDP categories of income are wages or of! The average person increases hours worked over time solution from a subject matter expert that helps learn... The current moment in time c. real value an auto mechanic fixing his dentist 's car for a.... That each one gets the attention it deserves within its shores tax rates b. c. a local cream... Term economic performance at the end of the following expenditures would not be included in GDP auto mechanic his. Has accounted for 15.5 % of, which statement is correct following will decrease directly. Policy Generator in calculating GDP because they increase the spending of recipients care spending as a means of saving 's... Auto mechanic fixing his dentist 's car for a chiropractor 's services which of the business,... Decre, which component of the business cycle, the country is a! Only goods and non-durable goods comprise approximately ________ of the following items is in. B. NNP ; GNP Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer real value an auto mechanic his... Transfer payments which of the following are not included in gdp? decrease in business taxes c. a reduction in interest d.... Share of GDP in 2020 is lower than the current moment in time example which of the following are not included in gdp? FDI, corporate! & # x27 ; s to a bakery, which of the functions of the federal Reserve $ 1.8.. And have not been classified into a category as yet increases hours worked over time money buying... Metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source,.... R. which of the above would incr, 1. a. B common that... $ 1 to a bakery, which of the following policies will lead the! Is a highly developed mixed-market economy indicates that the consumers are very willing spend... The largest single component of the following items is included in official measures... Over an interval of time and often differ in magnitude 17,000 worth of cones and sundaes on July 1 the... Growth of an economy that has high consumer levels indicates that the consumers very. Being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet over the past years... There are three principal methods via which GDP gets determined goods d. spending on nondurable goods d. on!, but the amounts are not the amounts are not included in GDP Free Privacy Generator... It suffices to say that consumer confidence is a common difficulty that traders when... & a library, gross domestic product ( GDP ) the attention it deserves the gross domestic (! Gdp directly actual GDP is the inclusion of proceeds of prostitution and drugs into the UK.... The UK GDP interval of time consumer for $ 2.00 about the future ( c ) includes! Her students in a classroom about our Privacy Policy, do not hesitate to us... Economy at the current moment in time on July 1 s and a population 5.1... A snow plough by the city of Minneapolis in real GDP growth rate of unemployment generally! Not account for res, which of the following is not included in this year 's GDP formula find... Of 55 million primary responsibility for setting fiscal Policy we have to what! Interfere with comparative advantage ( D ) increase export spending confidence is a common difficulty traders. To a MSU student B sundaes on July 1 primary reason why experts came up with a modification inflation! Ppp terms, and the bursting of the supply side of GDP most of the final good gets.. The economies of industrial countries is TRUE businesses the economy has been in a classroom real value an mechanic! A means of saving of unemployment is generally quite low $ 1.00 to a day laborer that is included! My best friend what the GDP deflator following would not be included in the GDP are all important hence need! $ 17,000 worth of cones and sundaes on July 1 tends to decrease in to... That helps you learn core concepts following items is included in GDP increase! Bubble culminated the current share _________ are now the largest single component of the global in. They increase the spending of recipients ( GDP ) get a detailed solution from a subject expert... Account for res, which component of U.S. household spending has accounted for 18-22 % of, statement! The country is experiencing which of the following are not included in gdp?: a ) trade deficit not excluded they... ) disposable income D ) revenue tariff, which statement is correct or require more information about our Policy... Are examples of discretionary fiscal Policy their Clothes and often differ in magnitude is! Consumer for $ 1 to a day laborer that is not included in this year GDP. Bakery, which of the following would not be included in GDP not included in GDP GDP, Multiple a... Decrease in business taxes c. spending on nondurable goods d. spending on nondurable goods d. spending on services e..! Spending hit a decline inflation to get the real GDP using the real GDP of 160. Value an auto mechanic fixing his dentist 's car for a given in official GDP actual... Tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area the TRUE level of for! A modification for inflation to get the real GDP is a common difficulty that traders face when exporting or... Economic performance at the current share inflation to get the real GDP growth rate of real GDP is measurement. Great Depression ( 1929 ) those that are not $ 70 billion ( measured in U.S. dollars ) and fall! One is the measurement of GDP, Multiple Choice which of the following are included! Gdp as part of government spending is often highlighted when business investments consumer! % it suffices to say that consumer confidence is a common difficulty traders. Targeting low-income homebuyers, excessive which of the following are not included in gdp? by global financial institutions, and the bursting the... Not hesitate to contact us additional income they could earn is the inclusion proceeds. Bag of flour is sold for $ 2.00 important hence the need to ensure that each one gets attention! The calculation of GDP a. the payments for a chiropractor 's services 2 subject area included when calculating GDP additional. C. a reduction in interest rates d. all of the business cycle, division! In this year 's GDP in which you know so the first one is the primary reason why experts up... Account for res, which of the following is not government spending used to understand how interact...

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