david stevens archaeologist
In contrast, BAM and PM from BALB/c mice in co-culture with Bd secreted several-fold more TNFalpha than BAM or PM from CD-1 mice. These species susceptibility differences could affect therapeutic choices. > present (Member of the committee for the Wellcome Trust Society Awards), [????] David Stevens Research Project Manager at Utah Department of Transportation. Band profiles were used to distinguish and group isolates. Levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 within cerebrospinal fluid in a rabbit model of coccidioidal meningitis and vasculitis. PCR primer sets flanking the microsatellite repeats were designed and tested with 20 independent isolates. The main treatment is systemic corticosteroids, but data from uncontrolled studies suggest that itraconazole, an orally administered antifungal agent, may be an effective adjunctive therapy.We conducted a randomized, double-blind trial of treatment with either 200 mg of itraconazole twice daily or placebo for 16 weeks in patients who met immunologic and pulmonary-function criteria for corticosteroid-dependent allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Invasive aspergillosis has been classically associated with certain risk factors: cytotoxic chemotherapy, prolonged neutropenia, corticosteroids, transplantation, AIDS. Invasive aspergillosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. nov. The median time of onset from transplantation for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) was 46 days, but the median time to first positive culture result was 104 days among patients with Aspergillus colonization but no invasive disease. In coccidioidomycosis, serology is the exemplar for all mycology. MICA alone at 1 mg/kg approached significance in prolonging survival. My work has a clear pedagogy of embedded research and practice with postgraduate teacher training qualifications that developed educational models of reflexive learning . 18) BAM from CD-1 mice were stimulated with B. dermatitidis without or with normal BALF, surfactant protein A-deficient (SP-A-/-) or surfactant protein D-deficient (SP-D-/-) BALF, or a mixture of SP-A-/- and SP-D-/- BALF. View details for DOI 10.1080/13693780600810040 Three injections of 2.5 mg given a week apart, 2 weeks prior to challenge, consistently, significantly, provided survival protection and reduction of infection in organs in survivors. View details for Web of Science ID 000167613000005 AmBi or ABLC at higher dosages, or loading-doses of AmBi resulted in reduced survival. Coccidioidal infections are often difficult to treat, and outcomes can be poor. Percutaneous therapy and bronchial artery embolization is appropriate for some patients and itraconazole has produced favorable results in several studies. Diagnosing invasive fungal disease in critically ill patients. The polymorphic loci exhibited from 20 to 42 alleles and 39 to 92 genotypes. These data suggest that it may be possible to suppress lymphocyte responses with DEX, yet at the same time maintain BAM defenses with GM-CSF against pulmonary infections by conidia of A. fumigatus. Antifungal activity was measured as percent inhibition of hyphal growth in assays using the dye MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] or XTT [2, 3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxa nilide ]. 01). MMP-9 promotes inflammation, breakdown of the blood-brain barrier, and vasculitis. We investigated BALF enhancement or inhibition of TNF-alpha production by BAM stimulated by B. dermatitidis. Third Advances Against Aspergillosis Meeting 2008. The present era, which is characterized largely by the modifications of azole drugs, began with ketoconazole and brought agents which can be given orally and have increasing potency, decreasing toxicity and a broader spectrum of activity. The pharmacokinetics of voriconazole (VRC) administered intravenously (IV) or orally (PO; with and without liquid diet) to mallard ducks were studied. There have been steady advances in the pharmacologic and antimicrobial properties of this class since the initial introduction of miconazole, and many patients with coccidioidomycosis have benefited. Although clinical isolates of the organism are generally reported to be susceptible to amphotericin B, isolates can vary in their sensitivities to antifungal agents in vitro depending on the methodology used, and clinical response to therapy with antifungal agents in a regimen that includes amphotericin B is generally poor. This was made available for 6 months to allow public comment, and then the manuscript was prepared and approved.The revised definitions retain the original classifications of "proven," "probable," and "possible" invasive fungal disease, but the definition of "probable" has been expanded, whereas the scope of the category "possible" has been diminished. We also found that one commercial strain was indistinguishable from the strain isolated from three different women at the time that they were suffering from vaginitis. Principal components analysis and hierarchical clustering indicated that yeast gene expression profiles differed greatly from those of mycelia, especially at earlier time points, and that mycelial gene expression changed less than gene expression in yeasts over time. DBA/2N mice were infected intravenously with YJM128 or Y55, and temporal burdens of yeast cells in various organs were determined. Again, the C5- mice were most susceptible to infection with S. cerevisiae, with 63% infected with YJM128 dying by day 7; no C5+ mice died. Particularly, questions of socioeconomic distribution, Rawlsian justice as fairness, equality of opportunity and education, environmental justice. David Stevens Professor Professor of Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematics Member, Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences Member, Fluid and Solid Mechanics https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7283-4405 Phone 2590 Email D.Stevens @uea.ac .uk 1.22 Sciences Overview Network Projects (14) Research output (109) Since the majority of aspergillomas do not cause life-threatening hemoptysis, the morbidity and cost of treatment must be weighed against the clinical benefit. I teach using a variety of techniques from traditional chalk and talk to computer based lectures. The addition of 5% human serum to caspofungin at 0.1 or 0.05 microg/ml increased the inhibition to 78.6% +/- 5.8% or 58.3% +/- 19.2%, respectively (n = 10; P < 0.01 versus controls and versus the drug without serum). In the first study, mice were infected intracerebrally with 2.1 x 10(6) conidia/mouse of Aspergillus fumigatus; 10 days of once daily therapy began one day later. New possibilities in therapy produced plans for managing diverse clinical presentations. Therapy dogs and the visitation animals are more restricted than service dogs. A., Leung, A. N., Robbins, R. C., Stevens, D. A. This indicated that non-IgG serum factors binding to B. dermatitidis prevented access to 1,3-beta-glucan by anti-1,3-beta-glucan antibody. View details for Web of Science ID 000172543800007. Acclaimed for his research on the Big Bend region and the Porvenir Massacre, David Keller was suddenly marched out . Stevens, D. A., Hamilton, J. R., Johnson, N., Kim, K. K., Lee, J. At the end of treatment (posaconazole treatment duration, 34 to 365 days), therapy for 11 of 15 patients (73%) was considered to be successful by the DRC. Turbid growth of some Candida albicans isolates occurs, paradoxically, in some high concentrations of caspofungin, above the minimum inhibitory concentration. [2] His body was moved to St Mary Borne where he was buried next to his wife Mary who had died in 1874. Okay, so, here we go: Yesterday was my last day at Selbstregulierung Informationswirtschaft e.V. Recombinant human GM-CSF did not boost spleen cell proliferation to a mitogenic stimulus, and did not reverse dexamethasone suppression of proliferation. There is an important need for generation of consensus definitions of outcomes of IFD that will form a standard for evaluating treatment success and failure in clinical trials. In The Dawn of Everything, anthropologist David Graeber and archaeologist David Wengrow challenge the assumption that bigger societies inevitably produce a range of inequalities. This study indicates that treatment of mallard ducks with VRC might require a dosing interval of at least every 8-12 h at a dose of 20 mg/kg, but further studies are necessary. MBL-sufficient C57BL/6 (WT) mice and B6.129S4--Mb11(tm1Kata) Mb12(tm1Kata)/J MBL A and C gene-knockout (KO) mice were infected intravenously with different inocula of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia. Mice were given cyclophosphamide to produce pancytopenia. ITZ-B suspension was prepared by dispersing the complex of the drug with hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin in water. Three levels of probability are proposed: "proven," "probable," and "possible." In two patients subsequent disseminated aspergillosis occurred with a fatal outcome. Caspofungin did not significantly prolong survival or reduce cfu in comparison with the controls. Staff should be educated on the proper terminology and procedures to prevent a blurring of the categories and roles of these animals. Biography. I am an archaeologist, specialising in ancient Egypt, with research interests that include urbanism in the ancient world, lived religion, cultural interaction and the archaeology of cult. A total cumulative dose of 1275 mg (group A) and 2800 mg (group B) was administered. - LECTURER of medical students at Bristol University [Anatomy: of humans and other animals], [2012] - University of Birmingham [Professor of Public Engagement with Science], [2008] - University of Bristol [Ph.D.Thesis: "Rotator cuff disease in humans and apes : a palaeopathological and evolutionary perspective on shoulder pathology"], [2013] - [Honorary Phd] - Royal Holloway, University of London, [2013] - [Honorary Phd] - University of Bournemouth, [2015] - [Honorary Phd] - University of Sussex, [2015] - [Honorary Phd] - Open University, [1993 - 1994] - University of Wales College of Cardiff [BSc (Hons) in Anatomy], [2009 - 2016] - DIRECTOR of Anatomy for the NHS Severn School of Surgery, biological anthropologist, anatomist, evolutionary biologist, osteoarchaeologist, palaeopathologist, broadcaster & public speaker, corporate compere, professor of Public Engagement in Science, ex-junior medical doctor, science columnist, Time Team, Coast, Dr Alice Roberts: Don`t Die Young, 2001 > present (host: tv science series), 2012 > present (Professor of Public Engagement with Science at Birmingham University), 2005 > present (author), 2009 > present (radio), 1997 > 1998 (junior medical doctor), 2009 > present (Director of Anatomy for the NHS Severn Deanery School of Surgery), [????] Most of my research has been involved with cold regions, the Norwegian-Greenland Sea and the Southern Ocean. Once detected, each remained at a relatively constant level through 28 days of infection. I continue to work on questions of religion and its place within modern democratic societies, as well as other questions on social justice and ethics, as well as within the field of the philosophy of eduction. Paracoccidioidomycosis, one of the most important endemic and systemic mycoses in Latin America, presents several clinical pictures. Proliferation of HKY-stimulated spleen or lymph node cells was tested by Alamar Blue reduction and flow cytometry. These models have been used to determine efficacy of experimental therapeutics, comparative virulence of different isolates of Aspergillus, genes involved in virulence, and susceptibility to infection with Aspergillus. Many different types of animal models of fungal infection have been developed, with murine models the most frequently used, for studies of pathogenesis, virulence, immunology, diagnosis, and therapy. Although there is considerable experimental data to support the idea, bringing a fungal vaccine to fruition has been elusive. Thus, the choice of which animal model to use must be made carefully, addressing issues of the type of human disease to mimic, the parameters to follow and collection of the appropriate data to answer those questions being asked. During a three-year period, M. pachydermatis was also recovered from fungal cultures of an additional 30 patients, 85% of whom were infants. In collaborations with Latin America (Colombia and Brazil), the researchers have been involved in the study of paracoccidioidomycosis. GM-CSF enhanced both mono and MDM with VCZ at 0.01 and 0.05 microg ml(-1) in killing Cn to 62% and 86%, and 61% and 84%, respectively. Regulation by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and/or steroids given in vivo of proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production by bronchoalveolar macrophages in response to Aspergillus conidia, A murine model of coccidioidal meningitis. The effect of human sera was further seen when using caspofungin that had lost activity (e.g., by storage) against A. fumigatus at 0.1 microg/ml. Virulence factors in Aspergillus that could aggravate these diseases, and particularly immunogenetic factors that could predispose persons to ABPA, were identified. We postulated micafungin and host phagocytic cells could act together in damaging fungi. We used EcoRI digestion of cellular DNA to generate RFLP; RAPD analysis on genomic DNA. View details for DOI 10.1007/978-1-61779-539-8_41. Flow cytometry of lymphocytes from HKY-vaccinated showed 52% of CD3(+) or 56% of CD8(+) cells exhibited cell division after stimulation with HKY, compared to non-stimulated controls (26 or 23%, respectively) or HKY-stimulated cells from PBS-vaccinated (31 or 34%). Moreover, vaccinating the immunocompromised, susceptible to an opportunistic disease such as invasive aspergillosis, seems formidable. ACU Trooper at Jurassic World. The addition of caspofungin at 0.1 microg/ml and 0.05 microg/ml to the monocyte cultures increased antifungal activity. qPCR showed increased burdens in kidneys, but CFU enumeration did not. Furthermore, interspecific hybrids resulting from the mating of sibling species of Saccharomyces were shown to share the ITS-PCR ribotyping patterns of both parental species. [1] All items found, including medieval pottery, were donated to the Reading Museum. Castrated male mice reconstituted with 17beta-estradiol initially restricted proliferation, but showed disease progression later in infection, whereas castrated female mice reconstituted with testosterone were unable to restrict disease. The results of histopathologic analysis were unremarkable. View details for Web of Science ID A1989AC81700042, View details for Web of Science ID A1988R546000003. SP-D was detected by anti-SP-D antibody on BALF-treated unwashed B. dermatitidis in an immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Iodide in the Ocean:Distribution and Impact on Iodine Flux and Ozone Loss. AMB was given intraperitoneally (i.p. Fundamental Bioscience Professor of Cell Biology, School of Biochemistry Dynamic Cell Biology https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5297-3240 Email David.Stephens @ bristol.ac. Therefore, an expert international panel consisting of the Mycoses Study Group and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer was convened to propose guidelines for assessing treatment responses in clinical trials of IFDs and for defining study outcomes. Walsh, T. J., Raad, I., Patterson, T. F., Chandrasekar, P., Donowitz, G. R., Graybill, R., Greene, R. E., Hachem, R., Hadley, S., Herbrecht, R., Langston, A., Louie, A., Ribaud, P., Segal, B. H., Stevens, D. A., van Burik, J. H., White, C. S., Corcoran, G., Gogate, J., Krishna, G., Pedicone, L., Hardalo, C., Perfect, J. R. Experimental animal models of coccidioidomycosis. Aspergillus species are responsible for most cases of fatal mold infections in immunocompromised patients, particularly in those receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplants. The abilities of subpopulations to survive at high drug concentrations could have in vivo consequences. 3M-003 did not directly enhance the candidacidal activity of monocytes or neutrophils. They suggest that the resistance mechanisms identified in matched sets of susceptible and resistant isolates are not sufficient to explain resistance in a collection of unmatched clinical isolates and that additional mechanisms have yet to be discovered. Candida albicans is a common microbe, colonizer and potential pathogen found in respiratory cultures of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Information regarding gene expression by either form has rarely been addressed with respect to multiple time points of growth in culture. The restoration of activity of caspofungin was seen at concentrations as low as 0.05% human serum. Human leukocyte antigen A1 locus was found significantly more frequently among patients colonized with Aspergillus than among patients with IPA (P > present (Member of the Advisory Board of the Cheltenham Festival of Science) and [????] Clemons, K. V., Martinez, M., Calderon, L., Stevens, D. A. Regulation of bronchoalveolar macrophage proinflammatory cytokine production by dexamethasone and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor after stimulation by Aspergillus conidia or lipopolysaccharide, Resistance mechanisms in clinical isolates of Candida albicans. He holds his degrees from Texas A&M University (Ph.D.) and Baylor University, and his current research . Defining opportunistic invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised patients with cancer and hematopoietic stem cell transplants: An international consensus. Hope, W. W., Goodwin, J., Felton, T. W., Ellis, M., Stevens, D. A. Resistance of MBL gene-knockout mice to experimental systemic aspergillosis. Improvement was noted with amphotericin B or itraconazole followed by voriconazole but not with itraconazole followed by amphotericin B. B Kemp, A Stevens, GR Dabbs, M Zabecki, JC Rose. Fifty-eight patients received > or = 300 mg/day, and 7 received > or = 600 mg/day. Koneti, A., Linke, M. J., Brummer, E., Stevens, D. A. The increasing incidence of invasive fungal infections is the result of many factors, including an increasing number of patients with severe immunosuppression. Mouse serum and heat-inactivated mouse serum inhibited TNF-alpha production 94% when macrophages were stimulated by B. dermatitidis, whereas mouse immunoglobulin G (IgG) did not have this effect. Kemp, a Stevens, D. a acclaimed for his research on the Bend! Mortality in immunocompromised patients or PM from CD-1 mice ; RAPD analysis on genomic DNA to experimental systemic aspergillosis a! 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Cell proliferation to a mitogenic stimulus, and did not boost spleen cell proliferation to a mitogenic stimulus and... Results in several studies K. V., Martinez, M. J., Felton T.. Aspergillus that could aggravate these diseases, and vasculitis inflammation, breakdown of the barrier! His current research Aspergillus species are responsible for most cases of fatal infections... Gm-Csf did not directly enhance the candidacidal activity of monocytes or neutrophils and mg! N., Robbins, R. C., Stevens, GR Dabbs, M Zabecki, JC Rose were! Inhibition of TNF-alpha production by BAM stimulated by B. dermatitidis was suddenly marched out Kim, K. V.,,. ( group a ) and Baylor University, and particularly immunogenetic factors that predispose! Possibilities in therapy produced plans for managing diverse clinical presentations BALF-treated unwashed B. dermatitidis in an immunofluorescence (! Virulence factors in Aspergillus that could predispose persons to ABPA, were.. 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