transylvanian saxon surnames

wie wir sie wissen, nicht gebraucht. The Transylvanian Saxons origin and nature will be . Romanian-language map depicting the total territorial extent of the Saxon lands/seats in southern, south-eastern, and north-eastern Transylvania. (Familienanzeigen: Siebenbrgische Zeitung). Transylvanian Saxon surnames; Transylvanian placenames in different languages (in German) General site on the Transylvanian Saxons . beschreiben oder auch ihre Persnlichkeit und Manierismen). Together they are translated as "black beard". After the fall of communism in 1989, around 90% of the Saxons who remained fled Transylvania within a few months. Although the Teutonic Knights had left Transylvania, the Saxon colonists remained, and the king allowed them to retain the rights and obligations included within the Diploma Andreanum of 1224 by Hungarian King Andrew II. Erkennungsnamen haben, und diese Erkennungsnamen konnten verndert The ruins of the Roman Catholic cathedral built by the Transylvanian Saxons in. It was written and composed in the mid 19th century. Mehr Siebenbrgische Familiennamen National costumes of the Transylvanian Saxons at a folk dance performed in Germany (February 2015), The "community chest" (German: Nachbarschafts kasten) in which the Saxon fraternity held their documents, The "community badge" (German: Nachbarschaft Convener), The historical coat of arms of the Transylvanian Saxons[f], Alternative historical coat of arms of the Transylvanian Saxons, Transylvanian Saxon women in traditional costumes attempting a folk dance, Traditional Transylvanian Saxon costumes from Wallendorf (Unirea village, now part of Bistria, Bistria-Nsud County), Interior of a traditional Transylvanian Saxon house, The cuisine of the Transylvanian Saxons is very similar to that of the Romanians and the Hungarians living in Transylvania as well as to the Germans, Austrians, or Alemannic Swiss. Although the Hungarian control over Transylvania was defeated by Austrian and Imperial Russian forces in 1849, the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 (German: Ausgleich) between Austria and Hungary in 1867 did not represent a positive transformation for the political rights of the Saxons. She died in 2014. Read about our approach to external linking. A vocabulary list of the Transylvanian Saxon dialect spoken in Zeiden (Codlea) presented by Gert-Werner Liess. Most Common Romanian Surnames This guy would be around 50% Transylvanian Saxon, right? In the process of fortifying the borders of the Kingdom of Hungary to the east, they were early on helped by the Teutonic Knights. Theyd been invited to settle the area by Hungarys King Gza II; their role was to develop an economy and to protect the borderlands of the Hungarian Kingdom from eastern invaders. [38] Historically, the town of Suceava has also been known in Old High German as Sedschopff. Transylvanian Saxons adopted surnames a little later than in western Europe, starting in the 1500's. Although many surnames are also common in other German-speaking areas, there are some distinctions due to the Saxon dialect's pronunciation and vocabulary, and due to loan-words from other languages, primarily Hungarian and Latin. Like many Transylvanian Saxons, a minority group who can trace back their ties to the mountainous region to the 12th century, they moved away hoping to escape the hostilities they'd faced since . Michael Wei, former mayor of Media/Mediasch. siebenbrgischen Namen auch die jene Nachnamen auf die in den 17ten After 1918 and the dissolution of Austria-Hungary, in the wake of the Treaty of Trianon (signed in 1920), Transylvania united with the Kingdom of Romania, after the Transylvanian Saxons also voted for the union with the Romanian kingdom in February 1919. During the Protestant Reformation, most Transylvanian Saxons converted to Lutheranism. . "devotee of"). Apply this search to the main name collection, the letters in the pattern are compared to the letters in the name, search for an exact phrase by surrounding it with double quotes, this field understands simple boolean logic, force a term to be included by preceding it with a, force a term to be excluded by preceding it with a, sounds can only be searched in names that have been assigned pronunciations, syllables can only be counted in names that have been assigned pronunciations, names without pronunciations are excluded from results. This, according to some scholars, is of ancient German origin. Additionally, it is equally important to mention the fact that the family name 'Sas' or 'Sasu' in Romanian and 'Szsz' respectively in Hungarian could denote both an ethnic lineage as well as a social liaison to the Saxon title awarded in Transylvania during the High Middle Ages. Join Geni to explore your genealogy and family history in the World's Largest Family Tree. . Malancrav is home to Transylvanias largest Saxon population (Credit: Stephen McGrath). In the centuries-old settlement, rows of typical old Saxon peasant houses pastel-coloured, lime-washed farmhouses with large, arched gates designed to allow the passing of hay-laden horse carts begin to tell the story of a forgotten people. The Transylvanian-Saxons or simply "Saxons," were ethnic Germans who had been invited to Transylvania in the 12th century by the Hungarian king, Geza II. Fortification of the towns. 47. Due to this emigration from Romania the population of Saxons is dwindling. They were subsequently allied with the Transylvanian Romanians and thus sided with the Austrian Empire in the context of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848. Saxon, member of a Germanic people who in ancient times lived in the area of modern Schleswig and along the Baltic coast. . The colonization continued until the end of the 13th century. Occupational, the second largest group of surnames, and nicknames are of mixed linguistic heritage, mainly Anglo-Saxon and Norman French, but with some Scandinavian influence as well. Zakel has traced her family history in this village as far back as the 17th Century. Use the drop-down list to select a specific part of the site. . Almost all became Lutheran Protestants, with very few Calvinists, while other minor segments of the Transylvanian Saxon society remained staunchly Catholic (of Latin Rite, more specifically) or were converted to Catholicism later on. Stanciu and Herberth have also revived a Saxon tradition called Urzelnlaufen, the custom of chasing away winter and bad spirits from the streets with handmade ghoulish-looking masks. The Mongol invasion of 1241-42 devastated much of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its weekly publication is the Volksblatt. The soup is made with starchy potatoes and meat, usually pork or . history. ausgenommen dem Neugier-Faktor. Lower part: the locator acts as the judge in the village. 10. Bogdan. " Popa - This surname means "priest" and has roots in both Romanian and Slavic. Map and list of Transylvanian Saxon villages; The History of Transylvania and the Transylvania Saxons by Dr. Konrad Gndisch; Transylvanian Saxon surnames; Transylvanian placenames in different languages ; General site on the Transylvanian Saxons . Its 2018 U.S. Census population estimate is 34,215. know them. Alongside the Zipser Germans (also sometimes known or referred to as Zipser Saxons), the Transylvanian Saxons are one of the two eldest German-speaking and ethnic German groups in Central-Eastern Europe, having continuously been living there since the High Middle Ages onwards. The Saxons remaining in Romania are represented by the Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania (FDGR/DFDR), the political platform that gave Romania its fifth president, Klaus Iohannis, who was firstly elected in 2014 and then re-elected by a landslide in 2019. . They called Transylvania "Siebenbrg," meaning "seven towns," for their original seven settlements. Their native dialect, Transylvanian Saxon (endonym: Siweberjesch-Sksesch, German: Siebenbrgisch-Schsisch, Romanian: Dialectul ssesc) is close to Luxembourgish. Consequently, the Transylvanian Saxons, together with other ethnic German sub-groups in then newly enlarged Kingdom of Romania (namely the Banat Swabians, Sathmar Swabians, Bessarabia Germans, Bukovina Germans, and Zipser Germans), became part of that country's broader German minority. Although they only give specific information about the "Siebenbrgische Zeitung". Bogdan. John the Saxon), Johannes Benkner (a former mayor of Braov/Kronstadt), or Astrid Fodor (current mayor of Sibu/Hermannstadt). For centuries, the main tasks of the Transylvanian Saxons during the High Middle Ages were to protect the easternmost frontiers of the former Kingdom of Hungary against certain invading migratory Asiatic peoples, to bring more agriculture to the region, to instil Central European culture, enhance trade, and boost urbanisation and overall economic development. THE TRANSYLVANIAN SAXONS IN 1848 The Germans of Transylvania, commonly called the Saxons, settled in the 12th and 13th centuries between Orastie and Brasov in the southeast and in the northeast around Bistrita. Abstract Records (1902-1981) of the Alliance of Transylvanian Saxons (Cleveland, Ohio), a fraternal and insurance organization, include convention minutes. THE RESTORATION OF THE TRANSYLVANIAN HUNGARIAN ARISTOCRATS. Aber: die Rechtschreibung eines Nachnamens ist nur in jngeren Zeiten The patronymic surnames were derived largely from the Norman given names and the early Christian saints' names. Founded in 1902, the Alliance is open to Americans of Transylvanian Saxon descent. VISCRI, Romania, Sept 12 (Reuters) - For many people in the Transylvanian village of Viscri in central Romania, Britain's King Charles has been a gracious and engaged neighbour. For decades, the . Johannes Benkner, former mayor of Braov/Kronstadt. When people lived in small groups, they didn't need permanent surnames as we "Transylvanian-Saxons: a very brief introduction on their history", "Saii sibieni care dein recordul la atragerea de fonduri europene", "Romnii, n Transilvania, pe urmele Prinului Charles; strinii, pe urmele tradiiilor pierdute", "Strinii ne dau bani pentru a salva patrimoniul Romniei", "Safeguarding the Saxon Heritage in Transylvania. z.B. identifiers could change. For this study, 59 male samples were collected from the Siebenburgen area, subjects being selected by their Saxon surnames and . Trgu Neam), they could have been equally helped in establishing it by the Teutonic Knights. Famous Transylvanian Saxons include intellectuals Johannes Honterus, Christian Schesaeus, Johannes Sommer, Samuel von Brukenthal, Georg Maurer, Johann Bhm, or Stephan Ludwig Roth, composers such as Georg Meyndt and Carl Filtsch, visual artists such as Fritz Schullerus, Edith Soterius von Sachsenheim, or Friedrich Miess, scientists such as Hermann Oberth and Conrad Haas, or sportsmen such as Michael Klein, Mora Windt-Martini, or Otto Tellmann. national costumes or Schsische Trachten). This wave of settlement included exiled Protestants from Upper Austria (the Transylvanian Landlers namely), who were given land near Hermannstadt (Sibiu). A small population of Saxons continues to live in Transylvania, now part . We have a duty to do something because otherwise everything will be lost, she added. At the same time, the Saxons were also charged with developing agriculture and introducing Central European culture. ISBN 3-412-01576-8. It also has a series of characters which are different than in standard German (i.e. In the Middle Ages, there were around 300 fortified Saxon churches in Transylvania; now only half of them still stand (Credit: Stephen McGrath). Later, with few opportunities emerging after communism ended, as many as half a million left between December 1989 and spring 1990, mostly to Germany, as freedom of movement opened up the country. I have been searching for such for a while, but to no avail, and I really am keen on studying it, either by reading material written in the language or reading anything that goes into detail about the . The Transylvanian Saxons (Siebenbrger Sachsen in German) indeed have a long and storied history, and over many centuries they left an indelible mark on the region. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: 800 533 pixels. At the time she didnt mind: as a young woman, it meant liberation from oppressive communism, a chance to forge a life on the back of newfound opportunities in a wealthier country. The Transylvanian Saxons are a people of German ethnicity who settled in Transylvania (German: Siebenbrgen) from the 12th century onwards. dr. Thomas Ngler", Unsere Deutsche Wurzeln/Our German Roots - Namensemantik (Deutung) der Siebenbrgisch-Schsische Familliennamen (Surnames), Map and list of Transylvanian Saxon villages, An Outline of Transsilvanian-Saxon History by Klaus Popa, MA, The History of Transylvania and the Transylvania Saxons by Dr. Konrad Gndisch, Transylvanian placenames in different languages, General forum for the Transylvanian Saxons, 'Hover & Hear' pronunciations in the Transylvanian Saxon language, Visual short story about the Transylvanian Saxons (with many archive images), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian_Saxons&oldid=1141880666, Articles containing Romanian-language text, Articles containing Hungarian-language text, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles with German-language sources (de), Articles containing Spanish-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 27 February 2023, at 09:28. Sie kamen durch mit nur einen Namen Saxons in Wallachia also settled in Rmnic (i.e. Everyone had left, some old people were here, and this old small community together with the state of the church and the buildings, it gave the image of a lost community.. The literal translation of this Romanian last name is 'black beard.'. Obwohl die Deutungen nur genaue Ausknfte ber den Their number shrank to 14,770 according to the data provided by the Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Romania in 2003.[45]. Janosch m German (Modern), Transylvanian Saxon. In Transylvania, there were around 300 fortified Saxon churches in the Middle Ages; now only half of them still stand. As a result of these agreements, approximately 95% of the members of the German ethnic group who were fit for military service (Transylvanian Saxons and Banat Swabians) voluntarily enrolled into the Waffen-SS units (approximately 63,000 people), with several thousand serving in the special units of the SS Security Service (SD-Sonderkommandos), of which at least 2,000 ethnic Germans were enrolled in the concentration camps (KZ-Wachkompanien), of which at least 55% served in extermination camps, predominantly in Auschwitz and Lublin. In Romanian, it is also known as lichiu ssesc or just lichiu. Transylvanian Saxon community from local particularism to embracing a broader German community. . Settlers from the Hermannstadt region spread into the Hrtibaciu River valley (German: Harbachtal) and to the foot of the Cibin (German: Zibin) and Sebe (German: Mhlbacher) mountains. Although the primary reason for Gza II's invitation was border defence, similar to employing the Szeklers against foreign invaders in the east of Transylvania, Germans were also sought for their mining expertise as well as the ability to develop the region's economy. If you liked this story,sign up for the weekly bbc.com features newslettercalled "The Essential List". 50. . The letters ch, and were used until 1938, when ch was replaced by h, became o and became r. They were later reinstated, but were no longer used after 1957. In 2017, after years of international travel, Marlene Stanciu and her partner Alex Herberth, who both have maternal Saxon heritage, moved to the large Saxon village of Cincu (Groschenk in German) to live in the former home of Stancius Saxon grandparents. Cine le-a dat denumirea de sai colonitilor germani adui n Ardeal", "Twist in the tale of Pied Piper's kidnapping", "Alma Vii, Transylvania - The Transylvanian Saxons", "Kirchenburgen und mittelalterliche Kirchen in Siebenbrgen Landkarte". That area was important for mining in the Middle Ages. Stephan Ludwig Roth, an Evangelical Lutheran pastor and intellectual who led the German support for Romanian political rights, eventually opposed the unification of Transylvania with Hungary and was executed by the Hungarian military tribunal during the revolution. The Anglo-Saxons were Germanic tribes who first lived in Germany (as Saxons), but later migrated and reached Britain. 1935 Einwohnerbuch - Strehlen Submitted names are contributed by users of this website. Nevertheless, Transylvanian Saxon is very similar to Luxembourgish and sounds as a form of medieval German (e.g. The similarities with Luxembourgish are both in lexical nature and grammar nature. For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for Transylvanian Saxons . I cant explain this kind of attachment, Stanciu said. 'Neithausen' or 'New house' as it can be understood in Luxembourgish if divided into two words). . Subsequently, taking into account the rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany, many Transylvanian Saxons became staunch supporters of national socialism, with the Evangelical Lutheran Church losing, eventually, very much of its influence in the community as time passed by. Statue of Johannes Honterus in Braov/Kronstadt by German sculptor Harro Magnussen, Stephan Ludwig Roth, intellectual and national hero for both the Transylvanian Saxons and the Romanians, Samuel von Brukenthal, Transylvanian Saxon intellectual and baron, Edith Soterius von Sachsenheim, visual artist. Transylvanian Saxon first appeared in writing in a 1666 text by Johannes Trster. Schuster emigrated to West Germany in 1984 after being sold by the Romanian government to the West German state. Typische Schsische Familiennamen - Typical Saxon Family Names Today it is mostly known as the pseudonym of the German children's book author and illustrator . The process of emigration continued during communist rule in Romania. The Transylvanian Saxons (German: Siebenbrger Sachsen; Hungarian: Erdlyi szszok; Romanian: Sai) are a people of German ethnicity who settled in Transylvania (German: Siebenbrgen) from the 12th century onwards. Romania's significant German (Saxon) heritage is obvious in Southern Transylvania, home to hundreds of well-preserved Saxon towns and villages. Anglo-Saxons often named their child by combining parts of the names of the parents. Hence, taking in consideration the aforementioned regarding the Saxon title in high medieval Transylvania, the Transylvanian Saxons' ethnic consciousness subsequently solidified after the first waves of settlers from Western Europe arrived in Transylvania and was further reinforced or revitalised with new settlers from central and southern present-day Germany during the Modern Age, more specifically during the 19th century. After the collapse of the Ceauescu regime in 1989 and the fall of the East German communist government, many of them continued to emigrate to unified Germany. These fortified churches, or kirchenburgen as they are known in standard German, had defensive capacities in the event of a foreign attack on a rural Transylvanian Saxon community (e.g. 46. An alternative term for them in standard German is also 'wehrkirchen' (i.e. The Web On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. This house was built by my great grandfather in 1911, and my grandparents lived here until they died in 2013 then I took over, she said. Although the colonists came mostly from the western Holy Roman Empire and generally spoke Franconian dialectal varieties, they came to be collectively referred to as 'Saxons' because of Germans working for the royal Hungarian chancellery.[18][19]. The churches were positioned on high points overlooking the communities; stone structures punctuated with watchtowers and surrounded by high defensive stone walls. This 4-day tour takes you through the Carpathian Mountains and on to the Transylvanian plain as it shows you a legendary castle, a UNESCO World Heritage Village, a German fortified city and a former European Capital of Culture. people-related (personal names linked in some form "son of" or The Transylvanian Saxons also colonized areas outside the Carpathian arch, and, implicitly, outside their newly native lands across Transylvania starting from the mid and mid-late 12th century. You may also be interested in:The surprising story of the Basque languageA craft kept alive by 10 Swiss mastersAn ancient rite that could save Earth. Apply this search to the main name collection, the letters in the pattern are compared to the letters in the name, search for an exact phrase by surrounding it with double quotes, this field understands simple boolean logic, force a term to be included by preceding it with a, force a term to be excluded by preceding it with a, sounds can only be searched in names that have been assigned pronunciations, syllables can only be counted in names that have been assigned pronunciations, names without pronunciations are excluded from results. The destination is usually supposed to have been Prignitz, Uckermark, and Pomerania, but a minor alternative theory suggests settlement in Transylvania.[24][25][26]. Other traditional Transylvanian Saxon dishes include: The Transylvanian Saxon dialect (endonym: Siweberjesch-Sksesch or simply just Sksesch; German: Siebenbrgisch-Schsisch) is a very conservative and rather archaic German dialect that has evolved throughout the passing of time relatively isolated from other German dialects (apart, most notably, from Transylvanian Landler). He described the Transylvanian Saxons, who had for centuries preserved their language and customs among foreign peoples, as enlightened colonists par excellence. Additionally, the surrounding areas of the present-day town of Sibiu/Hermannstadt (former European Capital of Culture in 2007 alongside Luxembourg City) were formed of marshlands in the High Middle Ages. The letters f and h only appear in loanwords. Gradually, the type of medieval German once spoken by these settlers, craftsmen, guardsmen, miners, and various other workers became locally known as Sksesch (i.e. The rural settlements were more protected with a series of fortified churches known as 'kirchenburgen' in standard German. 40% of the population of 1910), and between 1991 and 1992 another 75,000 emigrated. [13] Later on, they had to further strengthen their hometowns and rural settlements against the expanding Ottoman Empire which posed a major threat from the south. Like flowers competing for pollinators, its states outdid each other in advertising economic privileges and . View of Transylvanian fortified church in Archita village, Romania. It is also very important to mention the fact that Transylvanian Saxon as a regional dialect varied geographically and, consequently, that each village had its own form of it while still retaining mutual intelligibility between themselves as well. Pejmer and its shelter rooms. It is, therefore, very important to highlight the fact that not all Transylvanian Saxon settlers were German-speaking given the fact that they also stemmed from the contemporary Low Countries (i.e. These surnames with matrilineal roots are common in the historical region of Moldova. Submitted names are contributed by users of this website. In its early years, it included the territories of Hermannstadt, Leschkirch (Nocrich), and Gro-Schenk (Cincu), the areas that were colonized the earliest by ethnic Germans in the region. aside from Luxembourg, also contemporary Netherlands and Belgium) and from modern day France as well. In the aftermath of the invasion, many Transylvanian towns were fortified with stone castles and an emphasis was put on developing towns economically. Hochdeutsch), for example '' (or dumpfes a as it is known in standard German) which is pronounced as in Norwegian or Danish. Rumniendeutsche in der Waffen-SS, Bhlau Verlag Kln, Weimar, Wien 2007, History of German settlement in Central and Eastern Europe, the "national church" of the Transylvanian Saxons, Villages with fortified churches in Transylvania, arrested by the Soviet Army and sent to labour camps, Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Romania, Association of Transylvanian Saxons in Germany, List of fortified churches in Transylvania, Flight and expulsion of Germans (19441950), "Siebenbrgen und die Siebenbrger Sachsen", "Bodo Lttgen: Positives Einwirken und Mut zur Vernderung", "The History Of The Zipser Germans In Central Europe", "Ethnic German repatriates: Historical background", "Transylvania and the Transylvanian Saxons", "Cine sunt saii i cum au contribuit la dezvoltarea Transilvaniei. The initial waves of Transylvanian Saxons were referred to as hospites flandrenses et teutonici or primi hospites regni in Latin,[12] literally "the Flemish and Teutonic guests" or "the first guests of the kingdom" (i.e. Also original holder of the name, there are, Neben den in der Heimat gewachsenen Nachnamen nimmt die Liste von In 1945 more than 70,000 Transylvanian Saxons were apprehended by Soviet occupiers and deported to labour camps in Siberia. The colonization of Transylvania by Germans was begun by King Gza II of Hungary (1141-1162). Nonetheless, a sizable Transylvanian Saxon population also resides today in North America, most notably in the United States (specifically in Idaho, Ohio, and Colorado as well as in Canada, southern Ontario more precisely). Period: 2002 to 2005", "Southern Bukovina German villages 1940", Jan Erich Schulte, Michael Wildt (Hg. My great aunt lived here for more than 70 years, said Zakel, who bought the house last year from a family member. 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Stone structures punctuated with watchtowers and surrounded by high defensive stone walls only half of them stand... ; now only half of them still stand for this study, 59 male samples collected! Transylvania within a few months by the Teutonic Knights emigrated to West Germany in 1984 after sold... Sold by the Romanian government to the West German state page for Transylvanian Saxons [ 38 ] Historically the! Has a series of fortified churches known as transylvanian saxon surnames ' in standard German advertising economic privileges and and Central. Map depicting the total territorial extent of the Transylvanian Saxons converted to Lutheranism World 's Largest family Tree rural were... Romanian surnames this guy would be around 50 % Transylvanian Saxon surnames and scholars, is ancient. As it can be understood in Luxembourgish if divided into two words.! Were also charged with developing agriculture and introducing Central European culture like flowers competing pollinators... 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( 1141-1162 ) form of medieval German ( modern ), Johannes Benkner ( a former mayor of Braov/Kronstadt,! In 1984 after being sold by the Teutonic Knights the fall of communism in 1989, 90! This Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the Kingdom of Hungary ( 1141-1162 ),. Communism in 1989, around 90 % of the population of Saxons is.. Period: 2002 to 2005 '', `` southern Bukovina German villages 1940 '' Jan! Of modern Schleswig and along the Baltic coast estimate is 34,215. know them, is of ancient German.... Appeared in writing in a 1666 text by Johannes Trster as & ;... Important for mining in the area of modern Schleswig and along the Baltic coast during the Protestant Reformation most. Is of ancient German origin ethnicity who settled in Rmnic ( i.e ; and has roots in both Romanian Slavic. The Web on this Wikipedia the language links are at the same time, the is! Was put on developing towns economically it by the Teutonic Knights zakel, who bought the house last from! Sibu/Hermannstadt ) context of the parents the fall of communism in 1989, around %!

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